What Are the Risks of LASIK Eye Surgery? A Complete Guide

LASIK eye surgery is one of the most popular procedures for correcting vision problems like nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. Millions of people have undergone LASIK with great success and freedom from glasses or contact lenses. But like any medical procedure, LASIK comes with risks and side effects that everyone should know before making a decision.

In this article, we’ll walk you through the potential risks of LASIK, how often they occur, who is more likely to experience them, and how to reduce your chances of complications. Let’s explore LASIK with clear, human-friendly information so you can make an informed choice about your eye health.

What is LASIK Eye Surgery?

LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) is a type of laser eye surgery that reshapes the cornea (the clear front part of the eye) to improve how light is focused onto the retina. It typically takes only 15 minutes per eye and offers quick recovery and improved vision within a day or two.

The procedure is safe for most people and has a high satisfaction rate. However, understanding the risks and limitations is just as important as knowing the benefits.

Common Risks and Side Effects of LASIK Eye Surgery

Here are the most commonly reported risks and side effects after LASIK:

1. Dry Eyes

Many patients experience dry eyes in the first few months after surgery. This happens because LASIK can temporarily reduce tear production.

Symptoms may include:

• Burning or stinging
  
• Gritty feeling in the eyes
  
• Blurry vision
  

Most dry eye symptoms go away within a few months, but in rare cases, they can become long-term.

2. Glare, Halos, and Starbursts

At night, some people notice visual distortions such as:

• Glare from headlights or bright lights
  
• Halos around lights
  
• Starbursts (light rays spreading out)
  

These effects are usually mild and temporary but can be bothersome, especially when driving at night.

3. Undercorrection or Overcorrection

While LASIK is precise, sometimes the correction may be too little or too much.

• Undercorrection means your vision isn’t fully improved.
  
• Overcorrection can make your vision worse.
  

In such cases, a follow-up procedure (enhancement) may be needed.

4. Regression

In some cases, the eye slowly returns to its original vision problem over time. This is called regression. It may happen due to natural aging or healing responses.

5. Flap Complications

LASIK involves creating a thin flap on the cornea. In rare cases, this flap may not heal correctly or can be displaced, especially if the eye is rubbed soon after surgery.

Rare But Serious Risks

Though uncommon, more serious risks can occur:

1. Infection

Like any surgery, there’s a small risk of infection. This can usually be treated with antibiotic eye drops but needs quick medical attention.

2. Vision Loss or Permanent Visual Changes

Very rarely, people may experience reduced vision, even with glasses or contacts. This is often due to scarring, flap problems, or other rare complications.

3. Ectasia

Corneal ectasia is a condition where the cornea becomes too thin and bulges outward, causing blurred and distorted vision. It may require special lenses or even a corneal transplant in severe cases.

Who Is at Higher Risk for LASIK Complications?

Some people are more likely to experience complications from LASIK. These include:

• People with thin corneas
  
• Those with very high prescriptions (severe nearsightedness or farsightedness)
  
• People with autoimmune diseases
  
• Individuals with chronic dry eye
  
• Those with unstable vision (frequent changes in prescription)
  

A qualified eye surgeon will do a full screening to determine if you’re a good candidate.

How to Reduce LASIK Risks

To make sure you’re getting LASIK as safely as possible, follow these steps:

1. Choose a Skilled and Experienced Surgeon

Not all eye surgeons are the same. Look for a licensed ophthalmologist with a strong track record in LASIK surgery.

2. Follow Pre-Surgery Guidelines

Your doctor will ask you to stop wearing contacts for a few days before surgery. Follow this and any other instructions carefully.

3. Take Post-Op Care Seriously

After LASIK, you’ll need to:

• Use antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drops
  
• Avoid rubbing your eyes
  
• Stay away from swimming pools and saunas for a few weeks
  

4. Attend Follow-Up Visits

Don’t skip your post-surgery checkups. These are vital to make sure your eyes are healing properly.

When to Call Your Doctor

Contact your eye doctor immediately if you notice any of the following after LASIK:

• Sharp or increasing pain
  
• Sudden vision loss
  
• Redness or discharge
  
• Extreme sensitivity to light
  

Prompt treatment can prevent further complications

Is LASIK Worth the Risk?

For many people, LASIK is life-changing and provides years of clear vision. According to studies, over 95% of patients are satisfied with their LASIK results. The procedure has advanced significantly, and technology now helps reduce risks.

However, it’s not for everyone. If you’re not a good candidate or are uncomfortable with the possible side effects, there are other options like PRK or implantable lenses.

Final Thoughts

LASIK eye surgery can be a safe and effective way to improve vision, but it’s not without risks. By understanding the potential complications and working with a trusted eye specialist, you can make an informed decision. Don’t rush into it—take your time, ask questions, and prioritize your eye health above all else.

5 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Is LASIK painful?

LASIK is usually not painful. Numbing drops are used during the procedure, and most patients only feel slight pressure. Some discomfort or burning may occur for a few hours afterward, but it goes away quickly.

2. Can LASIK make my vision worse?

In rare cases, yes. Complications like overcorrection, flap issues, or infections can lead to worse vision. This is why choosing an experienced surgeon is key.

3. How long do LASIK side effects last?

Most side effects—like dry eyes or glare—resolve within 3 to 6 months. Long-term side effects are rare but possible.

4. Can I go blind from LASIK?

Complete blindness from LASIK is extremely rare. Serious complications that impact vision do occur but can often be treated if caught early.

5. Is LASIK covered by insurance?

In most cases, LASIK is considered an elective procedure and not covered by health insurance. However, many clinics offer financing plans.